Estimate rice seed rate per hectare and total seed requirement for inbred or hybrid varieties, under direct seeding or transplanting. Adjusts for germination, field loss and your target paddy yield — then shows seed cost per tonne of expected output.
Rice seed rate depends on establishment method: transplanting needs far less seed than direct or broadcast seeding. The calculation uses target plants/m², thousand grain weight, germination and expected field loss.
Reference bands: direct-seeded inbred 60–80 kg/ha, direct-seeded hybrid 20–30 kg/ha, transplanted inbred 35–45 kg/ha, transplanted hybrid 12–18 kg/ha. Rates are adjusted from an 85% germination and 10% field-loss baseline. Always validate against a local germination test and your seasonal establishment conditions.
Hybrid rice uses roughly a third of the seed volume of inbred rice but costs several times more per kilogram, so the decision is rarely about seed price alone. Hybrids typically add 15–25% paddy yield in irrigated, well-managed systems, cannot be farm-saved, and demand tighter water and nutrient control. Inbred certified seed remains the default for rainfed and lower-input systems where input reliability matters more than yield ceiling.
Direct seeding removes nursery and transplanting labour and shortens the field cycle, but every seed is exposed to birds, submergence and uneven emergence — so rates rise. Transplanting concentrates germination in a controlled nursery, cutting seed volume sharply per hectare of final field. Laser-levelled fields, treated seed and drum seeders all pull the direct-seeded rate towards the lower end of the band.
Indicative only
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