Seed Rate Calculator.
Calculate the seed rate for any commercial field crop from target plant population, thousand-seed-weight, germination, field emergence and purity — with localized metric or imperial output.
How do you calculate seed rate in kg per hectare?
Seed rate kg/ha = target plants/m² × 10,000 × thousand seed weight (g) ÷ 1,000,000, divided by germination rate and adjusted for expected field loss.
- Formula: kg/ha = (plants/m² × TSW g × 10) ÷ (germination % × establishment %).
- Field loss depends on seedbed, sowing method and conditions; enter a value from your own field records.
- 1 kg/ha ≈ 0.892 lb/acre for conversion to imperial units.
- Certified seed with a tested germination percentage tightens the calculation.
Estimate only — not a quotation. Outputs are indicative planning ranges based on the values you enter and typical commercial benchmarks. Real pricing, specifications and lead times vary by country, site conditions and supplier, and are confirmed only in written offers collected through a private RFQ.
Inputs
Winter/spring bread wheat, drilled
Typical ~45 g
Indicative for RFQ scoping. Confirm the exact rate with a certified TSW and germination test for the seed lot being quoted.
Seed problem guides: low germination, low yield, sowing density and seed cost →
Compare seed cost per hectare for two offers
Uses the target stand above (3,500,000 plants/ha) and your field emergence (85%). Enter each offer's delivered price and its lot test values. A cheaper price per kg can cost more per hectare when germination, purity or seed size differ.
Enter a price and positive test values for both offers; percentages must be above 0 and at most 100.
Turn this estimate into a qualified project
SeedMatchGroup is a supplier-neutral, human-led platform. We do not manufacture or resell equipment — we help buyers specify the project, review relevant suppliers privately and compare the written offers received. Supplier participation and timing are not guaranteed.
Send these numbers to the RFQ Builder
The numbers below were calculated with SeedMatchGroup's Seed Rate Calculator. Indicative — the specialist will confirm scope before contacting suppliers.
10 inputs · assumptions · results
Method, limits and sources
How the result is calculated
- Seeds needed per m² = target plants per m² ÷ (germination × field emergence × purity).
- Seed rate (kg/ha) = seeds per m² × 10,000 × thousand-seed weight (g) ÷ 1,000,000; lb/acre = kg/ha × 0.8922. Imperial entries are converted to metric first.
- Worked example with the wheat defaults: 350 ÷ (0.92 × 0.85 × 0.99 = 0.774) ≈ 452 seeds/m², and 452 × 10,000 × 45 g ÷ 1,000,000 ≈ 203 kg/ha (about 181 lb/acre).
- Offer comparison: kg/ha for each offer from its own test values, × its delivered price per kg = seed cost per hectare; cost per 1,000 established plants = price per kg ÷ established plants per kg × 1,000.
What it does not cover
- Crop defaults are planning starting points, not recommendations for your field; field emergence is your own scenario, not a laboratory value.
- Seed treatment weight, planter calibration and losses beyond the emergence figure are not included.
- Precision-planted crops such as maize are often sold in seeds or units per hectare, so check both figures.
- The page supplies no seed prices; the comparison is arithmetic on the prices you enter and is not a quote or an agronomic prescription.
Sources
- International Rules for Seed Testing — International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), 2026 edition.
Defines how the laboratory values on a seed lot report are measured: purity analysis (Chapter 3), the germination test (Chapter 5) and thousand-seed weight determination (Chapter 10). Ask each supplier for these results for the specific lot being quoted.
Before requesting lots, read the seed lot RFQ buyer guide for the variety, quality-record and phytosanitary details suppliers ask for.
Frequently asked questions
Seed rate (kg/ha) = target plants per m² × 10,000 × thousand-seed-weight (g) ÷ (germination % × field emergence % × purity %) ÷ 1,000. The calculator does the unit conversion for you; imperial output is derived from the metric result.
Laboratory germination is measured under ideal conditions. Real fields lose seedlings to soil temperature, moisture, crusting, pests and drilling depth. Emergence and purity discounts convert lab germination into a realistic sowing rate — this is what commercial buyers should specify in an RFQ.
Thousand-Seed-Weight — the mass in grams of 1,000 seeds. It varies by cultivar, seed lot and grading. Always ask the supplier for the certified TSW of the specific lot being quoted.
No. SeedMatchGroup is supplier-neutral. We help buyers specify the requirement, then open one private RFQ to qualified producers so quotations arrive comparable and independently comparable.
Turning this estimate into a request? The seed varieties catalog lists what changes a quote — crop, variety type, seed class and documents — and opens a pre-filled request that our team reviews before any supplier is contacted.
Understanding the values
What each choice in this calculator means, and how the options differ in practice.
- Thousand-kernel weight
- Seed weight varies between lots. Two lots of the same variety can need different kilograms per hectare for the same plant stand — use the lot's actual test figure.
- Germination percentage
- Only viable seed produces plants. Lower germination means sowing more seed for the same stand; the lot certificate gives the figure.
- Target plant population
- The stand the crop is bred and spaced for. Over-seeding wastes seed and crowds plants; under-seeding loses yield potential that cannot be recovered later.
Illustrative project summary
2 ha polytunnel expansion
An established open-field grower adds protected cropping with natural ventilation and drip irrigation.
2 ha · Single-span polytunnel · Leafy greens and herbs
Indicative full greenhouse project CAPEX
USD 575K – USD 1.3M
Illustration only, not a real project or quotation. This is the structure, equipment and site-works budget for the example greenhouse, not the price of this calculator’s individual system, seeds or inputs, and not a result calculated from your entries. Excludes land, permits, packhouse, financing costs and working capital.
Based on the published commercial greenhouse cost benchmark. Written offers require a private project review; commercial projects start from USD 250K.
What can change the result?
This is a preliminary planning estimate based on the values you entered. The variables below usually move the outcome most, and should be confirmed with an agronomist, engineer and supplier offers before final design.
- Crop and cultivar — water, climate and support requirements differ per crop
- Growing area and layout — hectares alone are not a greenhouse specification
- Local climate: temperature, humidity, radiation and wind exposure
- Growing system (soil, substrate, hydroponic) and plant density
Questions this calculator answers
Typical buyer and investor searches this tool is built for, including the markets where we run the most commercial projects.
- seed rate and seed requirement planning per hectare for a commercial project
- seed rate and seed requirement planning for a 2-hectare project — India
- seed rate and seed requirement planning: indicative planning ranges — Kenya
- seed rate and seed requirement planning benchmarks for investors — Saudi Arabia
- seed rate and seed requirement planning under local market conditions — Mexico
- seed rate and seed requirement planning — what to specify in a supplier RFQ
Method and decision path
How to use this result in a commercial project
Use the result to test scope and compare scenarios. It is not a design, agronomic prescription, financing offer or supplier quotation.
1. Enter site evidence
Replace defaults with measured area, climate, water, energy, crop and commercial assumptions.
2. Test scenarios
Change one assumption at a time and record the effect on capacity, cost, demand or return.
3. Validate the duty
Ask the relevant agronomist, engineer or financial adviser to check the inputs and constraints.
4. Prepare a private RFQ
Carry the confirmed scope into a human-reviewed brief so written offers can be compared on the same basis.
Final specifications, performance, prices, supplier participation and timing depend on the site and written supplier responses; none is guaranteed by this calculator.
Tell us five things and we route your brief
These fields decide which specialist and which suppliers see your request. Nothing is submitted here — your answers are carried into the private RFQ.
The USD 250K project threshold applies to capital projects. Recurring fertilizer programmes are reviewed by shipment size, annual volume and sourcing fit.
A sourcing specialist shortlists reviewed providers for your scope and returns comparable offers. Supplier details stay with us — all communication runs through SeedMatchGroup.
Estimate only: these figures are indicative planning numbers, not a quotation. Final pricing, specifications and lead times come from supplier offers after your brief is reviewed.
Plan the project around the numbers
A calculator output is a starting point. Pair it with the planning guides below to align timeline, irrigation, budget and risk before you launch an RFQ.
One private brief, specialist review, private supplier research and a like-for-like comparison.
Spec gaps, MOQ, delivery, Incoterms and evidence labels for seeds, greenhouses, irrigation, fertilizers and produce.
Month-by-month schedule from concept to first harvest across 9 stages.
Design principles for drip, pivot, fertigation and filtration on commercial projects.
How CAPEX, working capital and operating cost drive the project business case.
The ten most expensive planning and procurement pitfalls — and how to avoid them.
Procurement answers behind these numbers
A model output only holds if the scope, contract route and delivery terms match the assumptions. These reference answers cover the commercial decisions that move the figure.
- Turnkey EPC vs separate equipment packages
- What belongs in a greenhouse equipment specification
- Normal payment milestones in equipment contracts
- Which Incoterms to use for greenhouse and irrigation equipment
- How long a commercial greenhouse takes from order to handover
- What is normally the owner's scope on a greenhouse project
Move seed rate calculator into a structured RFQ
Editorial · not a sales pitchCalculator outputs are indicative. When your numbers stabilise, a supplier-neutral RFQ turns those estimates into a consistent brief for comparing the written offers that participating suppliers provide.
The facts a complete, supplier-neutral request on this topic includes. Use it as a checklist before submitting.
- The scale you modelled (m², ha, t/h or units) and the CAPEX band it produced
- Which cost lines are in scope for the supplier and which you handle locally
- Specification level: basic, mid-tech or high-tech / fully automated
- Currency, budget approval status and funding source
- Timeline: decision date, delivery window and commissioning target
- Country of installation, import duties and local content requirements
- Operating assumptions you need validated (yield, energy, labour)
- Your calculator output or internal budget sheet
- Any feasibility study, business plan or board budget approval
Opens the RFQ Builder with your cost assumptions attached so suppliers price against the same scope you modelled. You stay in control — nothing is submitted until you review and confirm.
Free to submit · supplier-neutral · reviewed by a specialist before any supplier is contacted.
Running these numbers for a client project?
Agronomists, greenhouse and irrigation consultants use this calculator for feasibility, then hand the project to us for supplier shortlisting, RFQ preparation and quote comparison. You stay client-facing and we work through you.
Your client relationship stays with you — we work through you and never contact your client unless you ask.
Indicative only
- This tool is indicative only.
- It is not financial advice.
- It is not agronomic advice.
- It is not engineering design.
- Final numbers require supplier, agronomist, engineer and local regulatory review.
SeedMatch Group is an independent agricultural project sourcing and RFQ platform. We are not a farm, seed producer, fertilizer manufacturer, irrigation manufacturer, greenhouse builder, EPC contractor, lender or financial advisor. Supplier and project partner outreach is handled only after a commercial project brief is reviewed.
Supplier and manufacturer content is provided for research, transparency and discovery only. Buyers submit one project or RFQ to SeedMatch Group; our team validates and organises it, manages any suitable supplier or manufacturer outreach, and presents the responses through SeedMatch. There is no public directory of company identities, automatic matching, direct messaging or direct buyer-supplier contact.